Tuesday, June 23, 2009
Nebraska Soldier Starts a War!
Pvt. Grayson was a member of Company D of the 1st Nebraska Volunteer Infantry Regiment. Grayson and the 1st Nebraskans had been experiencing extreme tensions with the Filipinos for over a month. The Filipinos seemed anxious to provoke the Americans into a hostile act, and strict orders were issued to prevent any action. Night after night they would cluster around and shout curses at the American outposts. One insurgent officer was particularly abusive. He would gather a crowd of drunken natives, and they would march down to the bridge for the purpose of harassing and scoffing at the American soldiers. They were encouraged by the apparently submissive attitude of the Americans, whom they had begun to look upon as cowards.
The incident that touched off the conflict occurred on the evening of Saturday, February 4, 1899. Grayson said: “About eight o’clock, Orville Miller and I were cautiously pacing our district. We came to a fence and were trying to see what the Filipinos were up to. Suddenly, near at hand, on our left, there was a low but unmistakable Filipino outpost signal whistle. It was immediately answered by a similar whistle about twenty-five yards to the right. Then a red lantern flashed a signal from blockhouse number 7. We had never seen such a sign used before. In a moment, something rose up slowly in front of us. It was a Filipino. I yelled ‘Halt!’ and made it pretty loud, for I was accustomed to challenging the officer of the guard in approved military style. I challenged him with another loud ‘Halt!’ Then he shouted ‘Halto!’ to me. Well, I thought the best thing to do was to shoot him. He dropped. If I didn’t kill him, I guess he died of fright.
Two Filipinos sprang out of the gateway about 25 yards from us. I called ‘Halt!’ and Miller fired and dropped one. I saw that another was left. Well, I think I got my second Filipino that time....” As they ran back to their post, Grayson shouted, “Line up fellows, the niggers are in here all through these yards.”
Filipino troops at San Juan del Monte exchanged fire with the American line at Sta. Mesa. The companies of the Morong Battalion under Captain Narvaez and Captain Vicente Ramos charged the American positions and pushed back the 1st Nebraskans and even captured an American artillery piece. By 10 o’clock at night the American troops were engaged for two miles from Pasig River north and west.”
Upon his return to the United States from the Philippines, Grayson settled in San Francisco, California and got married in October 1899. He acquired U.S. citizenship in 1900. He later worked as a house painter and an undertaker.
Tuesday, February 26, 2008
Troopers from K Company
Photo is from the Nebraska State Historical Society collection. Some of this information is from The Fighting First Nebraska: Nebraska's Imperial Adventure in the Philippines, 1898-1899 by Thomas D. Thiessen.
Thursday, January 24, 2008
The U.S. Rifle Model 1889 "Trapdoor"
At the outbreak of the Spanish American War, the current model was the Model 1889. This weapon was the main shoulder arm used by the volunteer troops at the outbreak of the war, in spite of its being outdated in comparison with the smokeless powder weapons that were becoming available. Incidentally, the Model 1884 rifle was the main weapon issued to Nebraska’s volunteers.
From the United States government’s standpoint, one major advantage of the Model 1889 was that it had many of these weapons in storage, and they could be readily supplied to the sudden influx of troops. Many of the existing National Guard regiments already carried this weapon, so it made sense to continue arming their enlarged regiments with the same weapon. The overwhelmingly major objection to this rifle was that it used black powder instead of the more modern smokeless powder. The black powder cartridge left a tell-tale cloud of smoke by which the shooter could be spotted and fired upon. Also, the smoke cloud required the shooter to wait until the smoke cleared before he could aim and fire again.
The weapon was a single shot whereas the newer Krag-Jorgensen and the Spanish Mauser rifles were magazine weapons. The United States, however, insisted that its magazine-equipped Krag-Jorgensen rifles be used as single shot weapons with the rounds in the magazine reserved only for emergencies. Still, in actual combat, the rate of fire of the single-shot Model 1889 “trapdoor” rifles was much slower.
The Model 1889 “trapdoor” rifle had an advantage in “take-down” power over the newer smokeless powder rifles such as the Krag-Jorgensen Rifle, used by some United States forces, and the Spanish Mauser because these weapons fired a smaller projectile. This difference in size and weight also meant that the average soldier could carry fewer rounds with him for the Model 1889 than he could carry for newer Krag-Jorgensen Rifle (one hundred .30 cal. cartridges weighed the same as sixty .45 cal “trapdoor” rifle cartridges). Lastly, the “trapdoor” rifles fired at a higher trajectory than did the more modern weapons, resulting in more difficulties in aiming.
This information was compiled by Patrick McSherry for the Spanish American War Centennial Website which you can visit at www.spanamwar.com.
Tuesday, January 22, 2008
Assemble for Federal Service!
Photo is from the Nebraska State Historical Society collection. Information is from The Fighting First Nebraska: Nebraska's Imperial Adventure in the Philippines, 1898-1899 by Thomas D. Thiessen.
Sunday, January 20, 2008
Excellent Book on the Fighting First
Friday, January 4, 2008
The Third Nebraska at the Exposition
This photo is courtesy of the Omaha Public Library.
Tuesday, January 1, 2008
Obituary of W. S. Orr, 1st Nebraska Volunteers
W. S. Orr's Body Brought Home
The government officials are sending all the bodies of the heroes who fell on the Manila battlefield to their respective homes, and the remains of W. S. Orr, the only Clarke county boy who gave his life for his country in the Spanish and Philippine wars, arrived in Osceola Monday at 10:45 a.m. It was taken to Mr. Bailey's undertaking room, but afterwards to the home of his mother, Mrs. Catherine Orr, in South Osceola. The funeral services were held in the M.E. church Thursday at two o'clock. The G.A.R. and Knights of Pythias orders attended in a body. Rev. McCorkle, of the M.P. church, delivered a brief eulogy upon the deceased, recounting his exemplary life as a son, brother, citizen and hero. The interment took place in Maple Hill cemetery under auspices of the Knights of Pythias, of which order the deceased was a member.
A few brief facts may be again given concerning Mr. Orr. He was a member of the 1st Nebraska, enlisting in Omaha, in June, 1898, after having worked on the Trans-Mississippi Exposition buildings a while as a carpenter. Nearly all know the severe service seen by his regiment. Mr. Orr wrote several letters to The Sentinel, describing his experiences, in the language of a student and scholar. They revealed the spirit of a zealous and sincere patriot, not afraid to do his duty. His company, A, was in all the active battles from the precipitation of the war, February 4, 1899, until his death, near Manila, March 30, 1899. In that time his regiment was on the firing line nearly all the time and saw much hardship. It was during the attack on Aguinaldo's capital, Malolos, and while within a mile or so of it, that he fell, pierced in the chest with a bullet. His company had advanced to the firing line at 11 a.m. The fatal bullet found its mark at an advance in the face of a severe fire three hours afterward. Mr. Orr met a hero's death unflinchingly. He did his duty bravely and well and holds a high place in the hearts of all who knew him. His father was a veteran in the civil war and received wounds from which he died some years ago, so the family may well be proud of its heroes who have so faithfully served their country. The aged mother, Mrs. Catherine Orr, lives in Osceola. Five sisters and two brothers also survive the deceased.
This article is courtesy of the Spanish American War Centennial Website which you can visit at www.spanamwar.com. The obituary is from the Osceola, Iowa newspaper.